The short answer

A private pilot certificate covers most single-engine airplanes, but specific aircraft require added endorsements or ratings: high-performance and complex endorsements, a tailwheel endorsement, a multi-engine rating for twins, an instrument rating for IFR, and a type rating for jets and larger aircraft.

Certificate and Ratings by Aircraft

  • Most single-engine airplanes: a private pilot certificate (single-engine land).
  • High-performance (over 200 hp) and complex (retractable gear, flaps, controllable prop): additional endorsements.
  • Tailwheel: a tailwheel endorsement.
  • Multi-engine airplanes: a multi-engine rating.
  • Flying in IFR conditions: an instrument rating.
  • Jets and larger/turbine aircraft: a type rating specific to the aircraft.
  • Helicopters: a rotorcraft-helicopter rating.

Match Ratings to Your Airplane

Before buying, confirm what certificate and ratings the specific airplane requires, and factor the training into your plan — insurance will require it too. A first-time buyer is often best served by an airplane matched to their current certificate, stepping up (with endorsements and ratings) as they gain experience. See our first-time buyer roadmap.

Figures in this article are illustrative for the 2026 market and are not offers of credit. Jaken Aviation is a licensed aircraft financing brokerage — a division of Jaken Finance Group — and does not make loan decisions. All financing is subject to lender approval. Tax and legal information is general; consult a qualified professional.

Related Questions

Do I need a special license for a high-performance single?

You need a high-performance endorsement (for engines over 200 hp) and, for retractable-gear/complex airplanes, a complex endorsement — added to your private certificate.

What do I need to fly a twin?

A multi-engine rating. Insurers also expect multi-engine time and often training for a pilot new to twins.

Do I need a type rating for a jet?

Yes — jets and larger aircraft require an aircraft-specific type rating, plus insurer training requirements.

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